Saw swage



Jan. 31, 192s, r 1,657,735

` E. P. ARMs-mons SAW SWAGE l mill-III .n

Jan; 31, 1928. 1,657,735

E.- P. ARMSTRONG I', el

Patented Jan. 31', 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE."

EDWARD P. ARMSTRONG, OF PORTLAND, OREGON.

SAW SWAGE.`

i Application led August 27, 1924. Serial No. 734,491.

their parts better adapted to withstand the strains imposed upon them by the operation of the device. and at the same time, retain the accuracy of this tool which, of course, is essential. e

Further particular objects i are To provide means for substantially housing the moving parts of the swage so as to prevent (hist and grit from entering therein, the housing means being removable so as to permit the inspection and repair of said means.

So to arrange the means by which the saw swage is mounted onthe saw as to clamp the sides of the saw as close to the point of the saw tooth as practicable,'there by to support' the sawtooth firmly against flexing while undergoing the swaging operation.

To provide anti-friction bearings for the rotatable die which are completely housed and thus substantially protected against dirt accumulating therein and arranged toeiliciently withstand the thrust of said swagingdie in operation.

So to construct the swage head that the anvil will be supported along its `entire length and to resist displacement of its working end during the swag-ing operation.

To provide means upon lthe clamping screws to Vaccommodate the slight fieXure and play of the threads of said screw in the head, without permitting the locking mit to move out of its set position. An incidental feat-nre 'of this improvement is the provision of a recessfor the resilient washer used for this purpose, which permits the washer to bel entirely enclos-ed within the head thusto be held against dislodgement by the twisting of the lockingnnt when it is being tightened upon the clamping screw.

To obtain a saw swage provided with antifriction bearings removably held in place, and with operationdevices also removably .held in place, 'the holding 4means for said friction bearings being independent of `said operating dcvices,rwhich will permit the latter to be renlovedfor adjustment or inspection without disturbing said anti-friction bearings.

To provide a gageffor saw swages of this character, the use of which will eliminate all guess work in thesetting of the4 anvil relatively to the` rotatable die which will thus resultV in the anvil being set with ein treme accuracy.

To providea member, having a circular periphery, mounted in a circular bore, fast i tothe cannshaped die at each side of the saw receiving slot, thus providing' means for preventingits axis from gyrating due to insuiiicient bearing support. l

The details of construction yand mode of ope ation of my invention will hereinafter be described with reference totheaccoinpanyingdrawings.

In the drawings: y Fig. l is a fragmentary side elevation of my swage mounted upon va portion of a band saw blade; Y

Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on a i i planevthrough the swage head on the line Fig. Sfis a larger scaled longitudinal tion `taken on a plane indicated by theline 3 3 of Fig. 2; i f- Fig. 4 is a similar scaled section taken on a plane indicated by the lined-*4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a similar scaled section taken on a plane: indicated bythe line 5 5 of 3 wit-h parts shown in full; n

Fig. ortis a fragmentary elevation ofthe swage head taken on thefline G-G of F-ig. 2, and shows the swaging die in section. 4 Fig. 7 is a section taken on a plane indicated by the line 7-7 of Fig. 6..;y

Fig. Siis a larger scaled viewV of one antifriction bearing of the ball type with the swaging die mounted therein, the swaging die being shown in section;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary side elevation of my improved Swage mounted upon -a saw blade taken in the direction of the arrow 9 inFigQ;` c

ig. l0 is a larger scaled section taken substantially on the line lO-IO of F igfs. l and 6, except that a plurality of anti-friction bearings are provided for kthe rotatable die;

Fig. 11 is a perspective View of one clamping screw with the tightening nut shown as removed;

Figs. llit to llc, inclusiv-e, diagrammatilce allyshow the difference between the specific type of ball bearings used in my device and common types used;

l `ig. 12 isa diagrammatic representation of a portion ot one saw tooth, the anvil, and the su'aging die in the position assumed be- 'lore the commencement of the .swaging operation; i

Fig. 13 is a section through the devices taken on the line 13--13 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a diagrammatic representation ot the same parts after the completion of the swaging operation; y

Fig. 15 is aY sectionktaken on the line through the anvil andthe saw tooth taken substantially on the line 15-15 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 15 diagrammatically shows ythe et tective support given the saw tooth against liexure by a clamping screw having a larger head; n i

Fig. 16 is a longitudinal section through a swage head showing my improved setting gage in position;

Fig. 17 is a perspective view of my gage;

Fig- 18 is a transverse section through the head and shows how the gage controls the position of the anvil; l l

Fig. 19 is a similar section illustrating how the gage can be removed afterthe anvil has been set; u

Fig. 20 is a larger scaled diagranunatlc view of ya rotatable die and the anvil, and illustrates the range of setting of said anvil. My improved sivageis provided with a bifurcated head 1. which is adapted to be clamped to a saw and carries the operating devices, and is provided with an outstanding guide arm 2 provided with a shoe 3 which bears upon a tooth of the saw 4 and adjusts the head relatively to the saw tooth to be swaged. y i

Said head 1 is biturcated by a slot 1c in which the saw 4 is arranged and the spaced portions hand 1b thus straddle the saw tooth. The cam-shaped sivaging die 5 extends transversely through said bifurcated portions and across the slot 1.c in cylindrical bores 2() and 21. hereinafter described. Said sn'aging die is ot substantial length and olf uniform cross section so that any portion ot (be die can he used to perform the swaging operation. i Thus when one portion ot the die becomes Worn `it may be shifted longitudinally so a difl'erent portion may be used to perform said operation. The svvaging die is provided with an operating handle (xvhich is clamped to the hub 6 which bears against the side of' the swage head 1. Said hubV is provided `with a shoulder G" WhichL abuts against the swage head and is held byn the overhanging lip 6y fastened to the head and by this means the die 5 is held in the bores Q0 and 21. The rotation of the operating handle 6` is limited in one direction by the stop 4' carried by the head and obtain a tirm engagement therewith as illustrated in detail in Fig. 11.

In this ligure the clamping screw i) alone is shown, and it is to be understood that the screw 9 is substantially the .same except that said screw 5) is. relatively adjustable and is provided with a handle 14; for rotating the same. The screw 9 is provided with a locking nut 15 and a resilient washer 15 tor holding said clamping screw in set position.

As shown in Fig. 10, the rotatable heads l() and 10 are mounted respectively onstudlike protuberances 9b on the ends ot the clamp ing screws. These stud-like protuberanccs are ot' the same diameter as the clamping screws at the base of their threads. In the past considerable diflicnlty has been encounhir tered in the providing ol said elan'iping` screws with rotatable heads, because the force exerted by the swaging die upon the saw tends to cause the heads to be sheared from oti their Shanks. To provide a rotatable connection between these parts, heretotore, it was considered necessary that the connecting parts be made of considerably smaller diameter than said clamping screws, in order to permit the assembled clamping screws to be inserted through the hole provided theretor in the swag'e head.

I have discovered that it thc Irotatable heads are made discflikc, as shown in Fig.

10, and ol such thickness that both ol said rotatable heads may be inserted in the. .slot 1c Vin, the swagc head. and manually held in position; the spindles yIl and1l" may be threaded into position to hold said rotatable head upon said clampingr screws. rlhe spindle l1 journalled in the clamping :screw 9 and the spindle 11c in the f flamping Screw il are threaded upon their inner ends, as ll. and 11, respectively.v to permit said spindle to be fastened on said rotatable heads. The other ends ot said spindles are squared as 11d and 11@ and are provided with collars 11` andA 11g.

The clamping screws 9 and 9 are providedV with recesses 12 and l2 respectively in theiry ends in which coil springs 13 and 13 are mounted about the spindles.` Thesi-l coil springs bear against the collars 1,1 and 11g on the .spindles at one end, and against lla neo

the inner faces of said recesses 13 and 13:L at' the` other, 'and tendto force the spindles 11 and 11 outwardly. This action tendsfto hold the disc-like heads l t and 11b against the stud-like protuberances 9b and V9, although it permits them to yield slightly and to nieve longitudinally in saidscrews.

The screw 9 is adjustableV relatively to the screw 9 and the screw 9 is provided with an operating handle la fastened to the cylindrical portion 9 thereof, by'means of'a split bearingvvhich isy contracted by two bolts la and 14h', the bolt 14 being provided with a longer head than the bolt 14:, so that one lnay be tightened with afwrench uithout interfering` with the other.

The clampingl screu7 9 is heldin the por tion l ofthe sxvage head by a lock-nut 15 threaded about the said screw and ladapted to be partially contained in "a recess, 'an enlarged portion of the bore in which the clamping screw is threaded.

A resilient Washer lfl is provided between the lock-nut 15 and the portion 1n of the swage head which allows Va limited klongitudinal movement of thel clamping lscrew Qivherebythe free movement between the threads ofthe clamping screw 9 lis prevented;

The anvil 16 `upon which the rotatable `swaging die 5 operates is longitudinally adjustable in the radially disposed hole 17,"by an adjusting screw 18. The anvil is fixed in set position by a set screw 19` which seats against one flattened side of .said anvil, the oppositeA sides of the anvil being firmly supported by the encompassing Wall portions of the swage head. The saw 4 to be swagcd is placed inthe slot 1, and as can he noted in Fig. 3, the Working ends of the anvil extend only a .slight distance into the slot 1c to engagethe teethof the saw to be swaged.

Furthermore, since considerable stress is imposed on the worlring end of the anvil, it is necessary that-this end be firmly supported as close to the Work as practicable; otherwise the swz-iging Aoperation may not be eiliciently done, and great diiiicnlty in this respect has heretofore been experienred.

l have therefore so arranged lmy sivagel head that the walls thereof will' support the anvil firmly close to its Working end.

To tins end, the before mentioned bores 20 and 2l, in which the swage'die 5. is artend unsupported into the groove 1, with a consequent tendency to twist under the strain Vof the svvaging operation.

rlhisconstruction also serves to prevent dirt, and dust entering from the groove l? and collecting onlthe anti-friction bearings.

The anti-friction bearings are preferably` ot the ball type and/are madeV up of tvvo races spaced apart by ball bearings. The bearing 25 is made With an inner race 25a and an outer race 25" and is provided with ball bearings 25C. The anti-friction bearing QG is made up With similar races 26:L and 26" spaced apart by ball bearings 26. The inner faces of said races are formed as annular grooves of a radius equal to that of the ball bearings, Fig.v 11a.

I. consider this a very important feature in my invention because the mountingof the races and theballsin this manner cause the races to encompass the balls for a substantial distance, thus preventing the balls from being flattened out and crushed by the action of the sivaging die.

In all anti-friction bearings of the ball type With Which I` am familiar,`the races are either llat or are provided with annular grooves of larger radius than that ofk thel balls, as shown in Fig. 11b. The use ofhthis type of ball bearing is not successful' befr cause the vstrains of the swaging operation are diainetrically lopposed and tend to flatten the ball bearings which destroys the Vaccuracy of the tool and this is, of course, essential and as this construction would require frequent replacements, it is not in my mind practical.

By providing a race of substantially the same curvature as the balls I provide virtually a cradle support at each side of the hall in Which the strains of the swaging operation are distributedl about the ball and are not diametiieally opposed and the tendency to'iiatten is eliminated.

Another type of ball bearing which. I consider superior to the type shownin Fig. l1b is that shown in Fig. 11e. 'In this figure the groove Qf is triangular, the faces .niaking substantially `a right` angle With each other. The ball seats in this groove so that the points of contact are at each side of the vertical center line as showri'iii this figure andrat equal distances therefrom. And thus, the strains on the ball are distributed so vas not tobe concentrzited on two diametrically opposed points on the ball.

T he swaging die 5 is circular in cross section,y for about half its circumference and thenl tapers on one side to a plane surface, 'which makes its center eccentric and provides the swagi'ng action against a saw tooth as itis rotated, Figs. 12, 13y andi-A1.

'l providecollars 27 and 2S Vabout Y the die on'the outside ofthe anti-'frictioi'i bear- (ill ings, which on their inner peripheries are formed to exactly lit about the die 5 and on their outer peripheries to tit in the circular bores ot the swage head in which the swaging die 5 is arranged, as shownin Fig. 9.

Dilliculty has heretofore been encountered in mounting said type of cam-faced rotatable dies in circular bearings because the force exerted upon said die in the swaging operation has caused the bearings to wear slightly and creates a slight play therein, and by this construction, I provide a bearing for the swage die which is supported on its entire length and in which there is no tendency for the die to become loose, due to the uneven wear of the bearings. j

These collars also serve as dust covers 'for the outsides of the anti-friction bearings. The collar Q7 is held in set position relatively to said anti-friction bearings by a set screw 2T which extends radially through said head to engage a circuinterential groove 2T" in said collar. The other collar 2S is held in position'by the overlapping of the resilient `washer a and the shoulder of the nut 15, as shown in Fig. 6.

vIn Fig. 10 I show how a plurality of ball hearings 29 and 29a can be mounted in the recesses and 21 without lengthening said recess or enlarginguthe swage head to such a degree as to make the same unwieldy. I merely make the collars and 28 thinner and mount them.` closcrvto the edge of the recesses 20 and 21a respectively.

In Figs. 12 to linclusive, I diagrammatieally illustrate the cooperative action of the swaging die, the anvil, and the clamping screw upon the saw. Before the saw tooth is initially swaged it is o1 substantially uniform thickness, as shown in Fig. 13, but the rotation of the swagingdie 5 causes the end ot the tooth to be upset and made wider, as at 4, in Figs. 14 and 15 and it the position of the anvil 16 varies the teeth will be swaged to different degrees. A

Thus it is important that the anvil be held tightly in place so that the swage will be uniform throughout all the teeth in the. saw. For example, it' the bore in which the anvil is adjusted should become worn the anvil would vary slightly and tl'ie'degree of swage given to the tooth would also vary. Itis, therefore, important that the `head support the anvil against relative movement along its entire length, which is the 'feature brought out in my present invention, because the force exerted by the rotatable die against the. anvil is very great and it the anvil is permitted to move even slightly by the successive applications of said die, the play Y increases quickly to such an extent that in a short time the swage is rendered useless, because it is impossible to take out thisplay unless the radial holey for said anvil is rebored and an oversize anvil inserted therein.

I have shown in Fig. 15 a comparison in size of the heads of the clamping screws l C and 10d, l()d being the head usually provided by saw swage manufacturers at the present time. rl`he area ot' contact of said clamping screw 10d is relatively small compared with the length of the saw tooth which extends above the screw head and which is subjected to the swaging action ol the rotatable die. It the saw is relatively thin and flexible the action of the swaging die often docs not upset the end ot' the saw tooth, but merely causes the saw to be flexed sidewise about said clamping screws.

As shown in broken lines in this ligure, the support given by the larger head l() and l()a for the clamping screws is readily apparent. .The larger heads not only permit the screws to clamp the saw blade closer to the point ot the saw tooth, but also provide a large surface ot contact which tends to prevent the saw blade yfrom flexing about the clamping screw and these results are attained without making the swage head unduly large. j

Referring now to Figs. 16 to 20, I show an improved swage gauge 31, vprovided with end portions 82 and 33 of the same shape as the swaging die 5, a central portion 34:, which is circular and provided with a longitudinal plane surface 35 for convenience in withdrawing the gauge past the anvil after the anvil has been adjusted.

In practice, the swaging die 5 will be rcmoved and the gauge 31 inserted in its place and rotated until the circular portion 34 of the gauge is adjacent the anvil 16. The anvil will then be adjusted to bear against the gauge and be tightened in place.

The gauge will then be rotated back to its first position and withdrawn and the die replaced, set for the swaging operation.

A number of gauges may be used of difvferent diameters, to enable the anvil to be set to a number of dilerent positions, as illustrated in Fig. 20, and thus it is always assured that the die. will be set uniformly for a particular type of saw.

I claim:

1. In a saw swage of; the character described, a saw clamping screw provided on its inner end with a. bearing head of relatively larger diameter, removably mounted, said screw being provided with au axial here. a spindle journaled in said bore, said spindle ,being provided with means for engaging said bearing head, and yielding means engaging said spindle to hold said bearing head in place. i

2. In a saw swage of the `character described, a saw clamping screw provided on its inner end with a bearing head of'y relatively larger diameter removably mounted, said screw being provided with an axial bore.

Aa spindle journaled in .said bore, said spindle lim . being provided 'withineans for engaging said 3. A swage of the `character described coin-l prising a biturcated Y swae'e head, opposed saw clamping screws threaded into said head,

one ot said screws being relatively lined, the

other being adjustable relatively thereto, said fixed screwprovided with ineens forlocating said screw relatively to said head, a relatively resilient washer on said screw, and a locking nutadapted to coin press said washer against said headto hold said iiXed screw in set position, the degree of coinpression of said washer being greater than the play and ilexure ot the .enga ging threads o'l said screw and said head. y

4. A swage of the character described coinprising a bifurcated swage head, opposed saw clamping screws threaded. into saidhead, one of said screws being relatively tiXed, the other being adj ustablerelatively thereto, said fixed screw provided with rneans Alor locating said screw relatively to said head, a recess in said head about said screw, a relatively resilient washer on said screw seated iln said recess, and a locking nut adapted to corn.- press said washer in said. recessito .hold said lixed screw in set position, the degree ot' coin.- pression of said washer being greater than the play and iiexure of the engaging; threads of said screw andy said head.

5. A swage of the character described coinprising a bifurcat'ed swage head, opposed saw clamping screws threa dedA into said head, one of said screws being relatively lined, the other being adjustable relatively thereto, said iixed screw provided with ineans for locating said screw relatively to said head, a. recess in said head1 about said screw, a. relatively resilientwasher onsaidscrew seated in said recess, and a locking nut iornied with a circular shoulder, said shoulder and said `washer both being substantially the saine diameter as said recess and said locking nut adapted to compress said washer in said recess, to hold said lixed screw in set position, the degree of compression ot said washer being greater than the play and leXure ot the engaging threads of said screw and said head.

6. In a saw swage, a head, ineans for clamping said head to the saw operated upon consisting ol two opposed clamping screws, one of said screws being relatively stationary, the other being adjustable relatively thereto, said adjustablescrew provided with a circular portion, an operating lever 'lor said adjustable screw having a clamping portion adapted to grip said circular portion of said clamping screw, said clamping portion consisting of a split bearing having a plurality ot tightening screws, said screws having different length heads, for the purpose described.

T. A gage for a saw swage, said saw swage provided with a slotted'head having a transverse bore for the insertion or' a die, the bore intersecting the slot and an anvil adjustable to project a. predetermined distance into said bore, said gage comprising a rod liheshouldered body adapted to be inserted in said bore and extending acrosssaid slot, said shoulder adapted tok position the body longitudinally in said slot, the end portions of said gage being niade exactly the same size and shape as the supports for said swage die,A

andthe niiddle portion ot said gage which bridgessaid slot. being of reduced diaineter to provide a stop surface in said bore against which the anvil may be set. i

' 8. A gage for a saw swage, said saw sw-age provided vwith a slotted head having a trans-` verse bore for the insertion of a die, the'bore intersecting the slot and `an anvil adjustable to project a predetermined distance into said bore, said gage comprising a rod like shouldered body adapted to be inserted in said bore and extending across said slot, said` shoulder adapted to position the body lon-gitudinally in said slot, the end portions ot said gage being niade exactly the saine size andv shape as the supports for. said swage die, and the middle portion of said gage which bridges said slot being of reduced diameterI to provide a stop surface in said boreagainst whichthe anvil inay be set, said gage having a flattened portion to p'erinitthe gagel to be withdrawn pastthe projecting.portions ot the anvil. Y

9. In a saw-swage of the character described, the combina-tion ot' a head provided with a bore for theanvil, andhaving spaced vportions provided with i cylindrical die-receiving cavities entering their exteriorsides, said cavities terminating at their .inner ends in tranverse wall portions integal `with that portion of the head spanning they spaces-eparating said, head portions, said spanninghead portion lying close toA` the plane touched by the die, and constituting a bearing lirnilj,`r

supporting the working end of the anvil.

10. In a saw-swage of the character described, the combination of a head provided with a bore for the anvil, and having spaced portions provided with cylindrical die-receiving cavities entering their exterior sides, said cavities terminating at their inner ends in transverse wall portions integral with that portion ot' the head spanning the space separating said head portions, said spanning-head portion lying close to the plane touched by the die, and constituting a bearing firmly supporting the working end of the anvil, said cavities having a greater diameter than that of the circle inscribing the die, said wall portions at the inner ends ot said cavities having bores corresponding with said circle; and anti-friction bearings for the die, located in said cavities.

l1. In a saw-swage ot the character described, the combination of a head provided with a bore for the anvil, and having relativelywide spaced portions provided with cylindrical die-receiving cavities entering their exterior sides, said cavities terminating at their inner ends in transverse wall portions integral with that portion of the head spanning the space separating said head portions, said spanning-head portion lying close to the plane touched by the die, and constituting a bearing firmly supporting the working end of the anvil; said cavities having' a greater diameter than that ot' the circle inscribing the die, said wall portions. at the inner ends ot' said cavities having bores corA responding with lsaid circle; and anti-friction bearings yfor the die, located in said cavities, said bearings occupying part of the length of said cavities; and collars, adapted to receive the die, closing the outer ends ot said cavities, said collars provided with holes conforming with the cross-section ot the die.

12. In a saw swage of the character described, comprising a head provided with spaced portions, the combination ot clamp'- ing-serews threaded through said spaced portions, the innerends of said clamping screws projecting into the space separating said portions, relatively rotatable bearingheads mounted on said projecting end-portions, means for' holding said bearing-head in place, said bearing-heads having a substantially greater diameter than said claniping screws, whereby the clamping force can be applied a substantial distance beyond the periphery of the clamping screws and thus close to the point of the saw-tooth.

'13. In asaw swage of the character doscribed, comprising a head provided with spaced portions, the combination ot clamp ing-screws threaded through said spac` d portions, the inner ends of said clamping screws projecting'into the space separating said portions, the projecting end'portions being reduced to provide shoulders, relatively rotatable bearing-heads mounted on@ said reduced projecting end-portions, means for holding said bearing-head in place, said bearing-heads having a substantially greater diameter than said clamping screws, whereby the clamping force can be applied a substantial distance beyond the periphery of the clamping screws and thus close to the point of the saw-tooth.

14. In a saw swage of the character described, comprising a head provided with spaced portions, the combination ot' clamping-screws threaded through said spaced portions, the inner ends ot' said clamping screws projecting into the space separating said portions, relatively rotatable bearingheads mounted on said projecting end-portions, spindles axially extending through said clamping screws and threaded into said bearing-head in place, said bearing-heads having a substantially greater diameter than said clamping screws, whereby the clamping force can be applied a substantial distance. beyond the periphery of the clamping screws and thus close to the point of the saw-tooth.

15. In a saw swage of the character described, comprising a head provided 'with spaced portions, the combination ot clamping-screws threaded through said spaced portions, the inner ends ot said clamping screws projecting into the space separating said portions, the projecting end portions being reduced to provide shoulders, relatively rotatable bearing-heads mounted on said reduced projecting end-portions, spindles axially extending through said clamping screws and threaded into said bearing-head in place, said bearing-heads having a substantially greater diameter than said clamping-screws, whereby the clamping torre can be applied a substantial. distance beyond the periphery of the clamping screws and thus close to the point of the saw-tooth.

EDWARD P. ARMS'IRONG. 

